NSDUH contains 13 modules assessing specific substances and substance types (tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, crack, heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, prescription pain relievers [opioids], tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives) and 1 module assessing special substance use, which assesses primarily methods of use.3 It also has the capacity to determine polysubstance dependence. The substances assessed vary somewhat from DSM-IV specified substances (see Table 2.1). Specific differences in NSDUH from DSM-IV include the following:
Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5 in the types of substances assessed have been minor, but some reclassification has occurred. Primarily, cocaine (including crack) and amphetamines have been combined with other stimulants (excluding caffeine) into a single stimulant class based on evidence that they have similar mechanisms of action (increasing synaptic dopamine), symptom profiles, consequences, and prognoses. NSDUH-based reports could provide the estimates of the newly combined categories in addition to substance-specific estimates (e.g., providing an estimate for amphetamine use disorder and providing the estimate for all stimulants combined) in the future to enable comparisons with other datasets, track trends for the new diagnostic categories, and improve consistency with DSM-5 conventions.
softactivity activity monitor 8.7 crack cocaine
2ff7e9595c
Opmerkingen